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相關設定可在 STARTUP-CONFIGS 中查到，我們可知 PC3、5、7 同屬於 vlan 11，PC2、4、6 同屬 vlan 22，題目指出目前大家都 ping 不到 SW5，vlan 11的PC3跟PC5不通，請開始 Troubleshooting 吧!
5台 Switch 的資訊:
我們可發現 SW5 有 2 個地方怪怪的，vlan1 跟 vlan10 ip 衝到導致 vlan1 服務沒有起來，跟 SW4 比對，不貼 Tag 的 Native vlan 設定成 99 也有問題，
SW5>sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Et0/2, Et0/3
10 VLAN0010 active
11 VLAN_11 active
22 VLAN_22 active
33 VLAN_33 active Et0/1
44 VLAN_44 active
99 VLAN0099 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
10 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 0
11 enet 100011 1500 - - - - - 0 0
22 enet 100022 1500 - - - - - 0 0
33 enet 100033 1500 - - - - - 0 0
44 enet 100044 1500 - - - - - 0 0
VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
99 enet 100099 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------
SW5#sh int trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Et0/0 desirable n-802.1q trunking 99
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Et0/0 1-4094
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Et0/0 1,10-11,22,33,44,99
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Et0/0 1,10-11,22,33,44,99
SW5#conf t
SW5(config)#int e0/0
SW5(config-if)#switchport trunk native vlan 1
SW5(config-if)#do sh int trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Et0/0 desirable n-802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Et0/0 1-4094
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Et0/0 1,10-11,22,33,44,99
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Et0/0 1,10-11,22,33,44,99
SW5>sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 unassigned YES unset up up
Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES unset up up
Ethernet0/2 unassigned YES unset up up
Ethernet0/3 unassigned YES unset up up
Vlan1 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM administratively down down
Vlan10 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM up up
SW5(config)#int vlan10
SW5(config-if)#shutdown
*Apr 5 12:02:47.458: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to administratively down
*Apr 5 12:02:48.458: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to down
SW5(config-if)#do sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
...
Vlan1 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM administratively down down
Vlan10 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM administratively down down
SW5(config-if)#int vlan1
SW5(config-if)#no shutdown
SW5(config-if)#do sh ip int b
*Apr 5 12:03:22.513: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
*Apr 5 12:03:23.513: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to up
SW5(config-if)#do sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
...
Vlan1 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM up up
Vlan10 192.168.1.5 YES NVRAM administratively down down
SW4>ping 192.168.1.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.5, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/5 ms
SW5搞定!
接著換查 vlan 11，看一下 SW2、SW3、SW4 資訊:
發現除了 SW4 之外都有問題，
SW2#sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
11 VLAN_11 active
22 VLAN_22 active Et0/2, Et0/3
33 VLAN_33 active
...
SW2(config)#int e0/2
SW2(config-if)#switchport mode access
SW2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11
SW2(config-if)#do sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
11 VLAN_11 active Et0/2
22 VLAN_22 active Et0/3
33 VLAN_33 active
...
SW3>sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
11 VLAN_11 act/lshut Et0/2
22 VLAN_22 active Et0/3
33 VLAN_33 active
...
SW3(config)#vlan 11
SW3(config-vlan)#no shutdown
SW3(config-vlan)#do sh vlan
SW3#sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active
11 VLAN_11 active Et0/2
22 VLAN_22 active Et0/3
33 VLAN_33 active
...
PC5>ping 192.168.11.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
PC3>ping 192.168.11.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.5, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/6 ms
PC3>ping 192.168.11.7
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.7, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms
最後一題在 SW1 及 SW5 的 e0/1 介面上加入一台 IP Phone 放在 vlan 44上。
SW1(config)#int e0/1
SW1(config-if)#switchport voice vlan 44
SW1(config-if)#do sh int e0/1 switchport
Name: Et0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: static access
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: native
Negotiation of Trunking: Off
Access Mode VLAN: 33 (VLAN_33)
Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Administrative Native VLAN tagging: enabled
Voice VLAN: 44 (VLAN_44)
Administrative private-vlan host-association: none
Administrative private-vlan mapping: none
Administrative private-vlan trunk native VLAN: none
Administrative private-vlan trunk Native VLAN tagging: enabled
Administrative private-vlan trunk encapsulation: dot1q
...
SW5(config)#int e0/1
SW5(config-if)#switchport voice vlan 44
SW5(config-if)#do sh int e0/1 switchport
Name: Et0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: static access
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: negotiate
Operational Trunking Encapsulation: native
Negotiation of Trunking: Off
Access Mode VLAN: 33 (VLAN_33)
Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Administrative Native VLAN tagging: enabled
Voice VLAN: 44 (VLAN_44)
...
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