2019/04/18

Troubleshoot IPv6 Network Connectivity

11Step 1:

PC1>ping SRV1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:4::30, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)



SRV1#sh ipv6 int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE00:700 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:0:3::30, subnet is 2001:DB8:0:3::/64   .....這個才是對的!
  Joined group address(es):
...

PC1>ping 2001:DB8:0:3::30

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:3::30, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!           ok  , 所以是PC1名稱解析的問題。
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 2/13/54 ms

PC1#sh running-config 
..
...
ip host SRV1 10.10.3.30
ip host SRV2 10.10.1.40
no ip cef
ipv6 host SRV2 2001:DB8:0:4::40
ipv6 host SRV1 2001:DB8:0:4::30 
ipv6 host PC1 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100
ipv6 host PC2 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:200
...
..
PC1(config)#ipv6 host SRV1 2001:DB8:0:3::30    ....改成正確的!
PC1(config)#end
PC1#ping SRV1            
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:3::30, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/4 ms
Step 2:
PC2>ping SRV2
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:4::40, timeout is 2 seconds:
% No valid route for destination
Success rate is 0 percent (0/1)
PC2>ping SRV1
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:3::30, timeout is 2 seconds:
% No valid route for destination
Success rate is 0 percent (0/1)

是不是路由問題?

PC2#sh ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 1 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route
       B - BGP, HA - Home Agent, MR - Mobile Router, R - RIP
       H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea
       IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, NM - NEMO
       ND - ND Default, NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination, NDr - Redirect
       l - LISP
       O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]            ...... multicast
     via Null0, receive

PC2#sh ipv6 int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::AABB:CCFF:FE00:200 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Stateless address autoconfig enabled
  No global unicast address is configured
  Joined group address(es):
...
..
R2#sh ipv6 int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down  ....介面沒啟用
  IPv6 is tentative, link-local address is FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE00:200 [TEN]
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:0:2::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:0:2::/64 [TEN]
... 

R2(config)#int e0/0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#
*Apr  2 01:46:49.138: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
*Apr  2 01:46:50.143: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#do sh ipv6 int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE00:200 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:0:2::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:0:2::/64 
...

PC2#sh ipv6 int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::AABB:CCFF:FE00:200 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Stateless address autoconfig enabled
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:0:2:AABB:CCFF:FE00:200, subnet is 2001:DB8:0:2::/64 [EUI/CAL/PRE]
      valid lifetime 2591827 preferred lifetime 604627
...
PC2#ping SRV1
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:3::30, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/5 ms

Step3:The user at PC2 is much happier now because of being able to access SRV1.However,the user is still having difficulty reaching SRV2.Connectivity is terrible.When the user attempts to ping SRV2,Half of the packets time out.

PC2#ping SRV2
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:4::40, timeout is 2 seconds:
!.!.!                   ....怪怪的,一半一半。
Success rate is 60 percent (3/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

R2#sh ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 12 entries
Codes: 
       C - Connected, 
       L - Local, 
       S - Static, 
       U - Per-user Static route
       B - BGP,    HA - Home Agent,     MR - Mobile Router, 
       R - RIP
       ...
S   2001:DB8:0:1::/64 [1/0]
     via 2001:DB8:0:23::2
     via 2001:DB8:0:24::2
C   2001:DB8:0:2::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:2::1/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:0:23::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet1/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:23::1/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet1/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:0:24::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet1/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:24::1/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet1/1, receive

R4#sh ipv6 route
...
C   2001:DB8:0:4::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:4::1/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, receive
C   2001:DB8:0:14::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet2/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:14::2/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet2/0, receive
S   2001:DB8:0:23::/64 [1/0]
     via 2001:DB8:0:24::1
C   2001:DB8:0:24::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet2/1, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:24::2/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet2/1, receive
...看起來都正常,問題似乎在SRV2身上。

SRV2#sh ipv6 route
...
S   ::/0 [1/0]                               預設 Default Route
     via 2001:DB8:0:4::1         
     via 2001:DB8:0:4::2           ...................(x)
C   2001:DB8:0:4::/64 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, directly connected
L   2001:DB8:0:4::40/128 [0/0]
     via Ethernet0/0, receive
L   FF00::/8 [0/0]
     via Null0, receive

SRV2(config)#no ipv6 route ::/0 2001:DB8:0:4::2

PC2#ping SRV2
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:4::40, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/4/5 ms

Step 4: ACL 問題,在不停掉條件下,加入一條讓PC1連到SRV port 80
PC1#telnet SRV2 80
Trying 2001:DB8:0:4::40, 80 ... 
% Destination unreachable; gateway or host down

PC1#ping SRV2
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:DB8:0:4::40, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms

PC1#traceroute SRV2
Tracing the route to SRV2 (2001:DB8:0:4::40)
  1 2001:DB8:0:1::1 5 msec 1 msec 1 msec
  2 2001:DB8:0:14::2 1 msec 1 msec 1 msec
  3 SRV2 (2001:DB8:0:4::40) 0 msec 1 msec 1 msec

R1#sh ipv6 access-list 
R1#    ....ACL沒設在R1這邊

R4#sh ipv6 access-list 
IPv6 access list Outbound   ....bingo!
    deny tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq www (1 match) sequence 10
    deny tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq 443 sequence 20
    permit tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 sequence 30
    permit icmp any any (22 matches) sequence 40
    permit tcp any any eq telnet sequence 50
    permit ipv6 any any (3 matches) sequence 60

R4#sh running-config int e2/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 100 bytes
!
interface Ethernet2/0
 ip address 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:14::2/64
end

R4#sh running-config int e0/0
...
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.4.1 255.255.255.0
 ip access-group Server out
 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:4::1/64
 ipv6 traffic-filter Outbound out
end

R4(config)#ipv6 access-list Outbound
R4(config-ipv6-acl)#?
IPv6 Access List configuration commands:
  default   Set a command to its defaults
  deny      Specify packets to reject
  evaluate  Evaluate an access list
  exit      Exit from access-list configuration mode
  no        Negate a command or set its defaults
  permit    Specify packets to forward
  remark    Access list entry comment
  sequence  Sequence number for this entry

PC1#sh ipv6 int   
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::AABB:CCFF:FE00:100 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Stateless address autoconfig enabled
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:0:1:AABB:CCFF:FE00:100, subnet is 2001:DB8:0:1::/64 [EUI/CAL/PRE]
      valid lifetime 2591890 preferred lifetime 604690
  Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::1:FF00:100
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
  ICMP redirects are enabled
  ICMP unreachables are sent
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds (using 30000)
  ND NS retransmit interval is 1000 milliseconds
  Default router is FE80::A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 on Ethernet0/0

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:AABB:CCFF:FE00:100 host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq www sequence 5


R4#sh ipv6 access-list
IPv6 access list Outbound
    permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:AABB:CCFF:FE00:100 host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq www (3 matches) sequence 5
    deny tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq www sequence 10
    deny tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq 443 sequence 20
    permit tcp any host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 sequence 30
    permit icmp any any (22 matches) sequence 40
    permit tcp any any eq telnet sequence 50
    permit ipv6 any any (3 matches) sequence 60

PC1#telnet SRV2 80
Trying 2001:DB8:0:4::40, 80 ... 
% Destination unreachable; gateway or host down


R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit ?
  <0-255>             An IPv6 protocol number
  X:X:X:X::X/<0-128>  IPv6 source prefix x:x::y/<z>
  ahp                 Authentication Header Protocol
  any                 Any source prefix
  esp                 Encapsulation Security Payload
  hbh                 Hop by Hop options header
  host                A single source host
  icmp                Internet Control Message Protocol
  ipv6                Any IPv6
  pcp                 Payload Compression Protocol
  sctp                Streams Control Transmission Protocol
  tcp                 Transmission Control Protocol
  udp                 User Datagram Protocol

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp ?
  X:X:X:X::X/<0-128>  IPv6 source prefix x:x::y/<z>
  any                 Any source prefix
  host                A single source host

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host ?
  X:X:X:X::X  IPv6 source address x:x::y

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 ?
  X:X:X:X::X/<0-128>  IPv6 destination prefix x:x::y/<z>
  any                 Any destination prefix
  eq                  Match only packets on a given port number
  gt                  Match only packets with a greater port number
  host                A single destination host
  lt                  Match only packets with a lower port number
  neq                 Match only packets not on a given port number
  range               Match only packets in the range of port numbers

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 host ?
  X:X:X:X::X  IPv6 destination address x:x::y

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 ?   
  ack            Match on the ACK bit
  auth           Match on authentication header
  dest-option    Destination Option header (all types)
  dscp           Match packets with given dscp value
  eq             Match only packets on a given port number
  established    Match established connections
  fin            Match on the FIN bit
  flow-label     Flow label
  gt             Match only packets with a greater port number
  hbh            Match on hop-by-hop option
  log            Log matches against this entry
  log-input      Log matches against this entry, including input
  lt             Match only packets with a lower port number
  mobility       Mobility header (all types)
  mobility-type  Mobility header with type
  neq            Match only packets not on a given port number
  psh            Match on the PSH bit
  range          Match only packets in the range of port numbers
  reflect        Create reflexive access list entry
  routing        Routing header (all types)
  routing-type   Routing header with type
  rst            Match on the RST bit
       
R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq ?
  <0-65535>    Port number
  bgp          Border Gateway Protocol (179)
  chargen      Character generator (19)
  cmd          Remote commands (rcmd, 514)
  daytime      Daytime (13)
  discard      Discard (9)
  domain       Domain Name Service (53)
  drip         Dynamic Routing Information Protocol (3949)
  echo         Echo (7)
  exec         Exec (rsh, 512)
  finger       Finger (79)
  ftp          File Transfer Protocol (21)
  ftp-data     FTP data connections (20)
  gopher       Gopher (70)
  hostname     NIC hostname server (101)
  ident        Ident Protocol (113)
  irc          Internet Relay Chat (194)
  klogin       Kerberos login (543)
  kshell       Kerberos shell (544)
  login        Login (rlogin, 513)
  lpd          Printer service (515)
  nntp         Network News Transport Protocol (119)
  pim-auto-rp  PIM Auto-RP (496)
  pop2         Post Office Protocol v2 (109)
  pop3         Post Office Protocol v3 (110)
  smtp         Simple Mail Transport Protocol (25)
  sunrpc       Sun Remote Procedure Call (111)
  tacacs       TAC Access Control System (49)
  talk         Talk (517)
  telnet       Telnet (23)
  time         Time (37)
  uucp         Unix-to-Unix Copy Program (540)
  whois        Nicname (43)
  www          World Wide Web (HTTP, 80)

R4(config-ipv6-acl)#permit tcp host 2001:DB8:0:1:A8BB:CCFF:FE00:100 host 2001:DB8:0:4::40 eq www ?
  ack            Match on the ACK bit
  auth           Match on authentication header
  dest-option    Destination Option header (all types)
  dscp           Match packets with given dscp value
  established    Match established connections
  fin            Match on the FIN bit
  flow-label     Flow label
  hbh            Match on hop-by-hop option
  log            Log matches against this entry
  log-input      Log matches against this entry, including input
  mobility       Mobility header (all types)
  mobility-type  Mobility header with type
  psh            Match on the PSH bit
  reflect        Create reflexive access list entry
  routing        Routing header (all types)
  routing-type   Routing header with type
  rst            Match on the RST bit
  sequence       Sequence number for this entry
  syn            Match on the SYN bit
  time-range     Specify a time-range
  urg            Match on the URG bit
  <cr>

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